Cardiac Surgery
(การผ่าตัดหัวใจ)
Definition
Cardiac Surgery (การผ่าตัดหัวใจ) Hard Skill
Cardiac surgery involves performing surgical procedures on the heart or great vessels to treat cardiovascular diseases, repair defects, or improve heart function.
Expertise Level
Level 1
Basic
1. Understands basic cardiac anatomy and physiology.
2. Familiar with common cardiac surgical instruments and protocols.
3. Assists in simple cardiac surgical procedures under supervision.
Level 2
Intermediate
1. Performs standard cardiac surgeries such as coronary artery bypass grafting with moderate supervision.
2. Manages perioperative cardiac patient care effectively.
3. Identifies and handles common complications during cardiac surgery.
Level 3
Advanced
1. Leads complex cardiac surgeries including valve replacements and congenital defect repairs independently.
2. Develops and implements advanced surgical techniques and protocols.
3. Consults and trains others in intricate cardiac surgical procedures and postoperative management.
